Manufacture of bar and tube shaped articles from molten metal.



A. H. PEHRSON.

MANUFACTURE OF BAR AND TUBE SHAPED ARTICLES mom MOLTEN METAL.

' APPLICATION FILED JAN. 30, 1913. 1,088,1 71 Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

3 SHBETB-BHEET 1.

WIT/VESSEJ,

A. H. PEHRSON.

MANUFAGTURE 0P BAR AND TUBE SHAPED ARTICLES FROM MOLTEN METAL.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 30, 1913.

1,088,171. Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

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W/T/VEJ555: Jdm JW mw aw m? A. H. PEHRSON.

MANUFACTURE OF BAR AND TUBE SHAPED ARTICLES FROM MOLTEN METAL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 30, 1913.

Patented B01124, 1914.

8 SHEETSr-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES;

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UNITED' STATES OFFICE.

ADAM HELMER PEHRSON, 0F GULDSMADSHYTTAN, SWEDEN.

MANUFACTURE OF BAR AND TUBE SHAPED ARTICLES FROM MOL'IEN METAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

Application filed January 30, 1913. serial No. 745,200.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADA HELMER PEI-IR soN, a subject of the Ifing ofSweden, residing at Guldsmadshyttan, Sweden, have invented new anduseful Improvements in and Relating to the Manufacture of Bar and TubeShaped Articles from Molten Metal, of which the following is aspecification.

.The manufacture of bar and tube-shaped articles directly from moltenmetal by continuously pouring metal from a furnace or receptacle into acooling mold has 1n practice been attended with the difficulty that thepullin' force necessary for feedin the newly molded goods forward hasbeen iable to tear off the metal or at least to cause wrinkles andbreaks in the surface of the bar or tube produced, thus giving aninferior product.

The present invention has for its object a method and means for avoidingthe said inconveniences.

The method consists in that the mold during the pouring of the metal andthe removal of the article as it is formed and solidified, is not keptstationary with res ect to the furnace or receptacle for the mo tenmetal but has'a more or less uniform', reciprocatin movement withrespect to said furnace, w ile the nozzle which serves to introduce themolten metal into the mold may be connected either to the furnace orother receptacle or to the mold and is partly sur- I rounded by thesaidpart. The purpose of the said movement is first, that the newly moldedarticle may have an increased time for solidifying, and also in somecases, if necessary, to allow of the introduction of a lubricant intothe mold during the casting by means of the reciprocating movement andthus prevent the metal from sticking to the In the accompanying drawinFigure 1 shows a diagrammatical vertical section of an apparatus forcarryingh out the present invent1on, said apparatus aving a stationary'metal receptacle with a fixed nozzle and a reciprocatable molding andcooling pipe; Fig. 2 shows a corresponding section of an apparatus witha movable metal receptacle and a stationary pipe and Fig. 3 acorresponding section of an apparatus where the receptacle as well asthe pipe is movable. In all these figures the nozzle is secured to thereceptacle. Figs. 4 and 5 show, on the contrary, forms where the nozzleis secured to the molding 1pe which is stationary in Fig. 4 and movzibceptacle in both cases is movable. Fig. 6 shows an apparatus withvertical cooling pipe and Fig. 7 an apparatus with continuous feed ofthe article produced, both in diagramm'atical vertical sections.

In Fig. 1 the apparatus consists of a receptacle 1 for the molten metal,provided wlth a nozzle 2 partly surrounded by the molding pipe 3 whichis provided with a cooling jacket. At the beginning of theoperation, abar 4 filling the pipe 3 is inserted into the same and is prevented by aratchet device 5 from partaking of the movement of the said pipe in onedirection, but upon the movement in the opposite direction on the otherhand, is clamped by the ratchet device 6 arranged on the pipe 3 and iscarried along with same. Y 7

The two ratchet devices'f) and 6, the former" of which is pivoted to astatic-nary frame and the latter to the pipe 3, in the form shownconsists of friction ratchet-s, i. 6., segmental pieces bearing withtheir arcs against the bar 4, the arc of each ratchet being eccentricwith respect to its pivoting pin in such manner, that the center of thearc'lies-to the right of that of the pin. The angle between the radiusof thearc at the contact point between the ratchet and the bar and theline from said pointto the pin center is less than the friction anglewhereby the well-known effect is obtained, that when the bar attempts tomove to the left with respect to -the ratchet, the resultant pressurebetween said parts goes to the left of the pin center and thus tends torotate the ratchet in a clockwise direction, the ratchet and the barthus mutually locking each other. A relative movement of the bar to theright with respectto each ratchet is, on the contrary, possible.

When the molten metal has been introduced into the cooling pipe throughthe nozzle 2 and begun to stick to the bar in solidifying the pipe 3together with its contents is moved to the right, for instance by meansof a crank and pitman mechanism 9, 10. and on rollers 8. A relativemovement of the bar to the left with respect to the pipe being excluded,as above stated, by actionof the ratchet 6, the bar then will be keptstationary with respect to the pipe, 1'. e., be carried forth by it. Onthe contrary, the ratchet does not prevent this movement of the bar 1ein Fig. 5, while the repipe then is returned by the crank mechanism toits original position-moved to the left in Fig. 1, the ratchet 5 thenretaining the bar with respect to the stationary frame. With respect tothe pipe the metal thus is fed forward through a certain distance.

By repeating the series of operations just described further portionsare cast on to the material, thus forming the bar or tubeshaped articledesired.

. The above-mentioned lubricant, the main object of which is to preventthe entering metal from sticking to the mold, and which should beuniformlyspread over the inside of said mold, is simply introduced bybeing applied in a suitable manner to the outside of the nozzle andtransmitted to the mold 3 by the aforesaid reciprocating movement of thelatter.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2 the receptacle 1 and the nozzle 2screwed thereinto are movable to and fro by means of crank and pitman 9,10, upon rollers 7,

while the cooling pipe 3 is stationary. In.

this case, only one ratchet device 5 is necessary for retaining the barwhile the receptacle is drawn backward, while the feeding forward ofsaid bar is immediately effected by the forward movement of thereceptacle, but there may however also be a ratchet device 6' connectedto the movable receptacle'for facilitating this action.

In Fig. 3, both the metal receptacle 1 and the-cooling pipe 3 aremovable upon rollers 7 and 8 respectively, the movements of said membersbeing of course so governed that. a relative reciprocating motion willtake place between them. In this case, there is one stationary ratchetdevice 5 and one such device 6 which is connected to the cooling pipe asin Fig. 1. The manner of operation is practically the same as in Fig. 1.In Fig. 4 the cooling pipe 3 is stationary and the metal receptacle 1 ismovableon rollers 7 while the nozzle 2 is screwed into the pipe 3and'enters the receptacle with a sufficiently tight fit for preventingthe metal from escaping around it. The operation of this device differsfrom that of Fig. 2 practically only therein that the period ofintroduction of new' metal into the mold occurs when the receptaclemoves toward the latter instead of away from it, as in Fig. '2. In thiscase, the hydraulic pressure of the molten metal in the receptacleforces in new metal in the mold at the same time feeding forward thesolidified bar assisted by the ratchet 6, while in moving the receptaclein the opposite direction, the bar is retained by the ratchet device 5and in its turn retains the mold.

In Fig. 5 the metal receptacle 1 is movable on rollers 7 and the coolingand molding pipe 3 on rollers 8, the nozzle 2 being screwed into saidpipe and entering the receptacle 1 with a tight fit. One stationaryratchet device 5 and one 6 connected to the molding pipe is employed.Otherwise, the manner of operation is practically identical to that ofFig. 1.

In Fig. 6 themolding and cooling pipe 3 is placed vertically above thereceptacle 1 and movable up and down. Further it is screwed into anozzle 2 which in lowering the pipe 3 plunges into the metal bath in thereceptacle 1. This nozzle is comparatively thick, as it is exposed towear from the molten metal on its outer as well as on its inner side.One stationary and one movable ratchet device 5 and 6 respectively areemployed in this case. Otherwise, the manner of operation corresponds tothe previously described arrangements.

It is obvious that any intermediary position for the molding pipebetween the vertical one shown in Fig. 6 and the horizontal oneillustrated in Figs. 1-5 may be employed, and also that the said pipemay occupy any position beneath the horizontal one.

The apparatus for carrying out the process in question can of course befurther varied according to the material, shape and dimensions, etc., ofthe article produced. Thus it may for instance for less delicate metalsbe sufficient to substitute for the ratchet devices a suitablecontinuously acting drawing device for instance a pair of rollers. Anarrangement of this kind is diagrammatically shown in Fig. 7. In thisfigure the numerals 1, 2, 3 and 4 as before, designate the metalreceptacle, the nozzle, the cooling pipe and the metal bar respec-'tively, while 5 and 6 are a pair of rollers which embrace the latterand continuously feed it forward. In this case a casting of new metal onto the bar will take place also during the return movement of themolding pipe to its initial position, while the movements of said pipewill not act to feed forward the bar but only perform their originalfunction to hasten the cooling acceptacle for the molten metal, adischarge nozzle therefrom, a molding pipe provided. with a coolingjacket, said pipe being in alinem'ent with the nozzle and forming ametal-tight joint therewith and means for effecting a relativereciprocating motionbetween the molding pipe and the receptacle;

2. Apparatus for manufacturing longitudinally extended, profiledarticles di-'. rectly from molten metal comprising a re-. ceptacle formolten metal, a discharge noz zle fixed to said receptacle, a moldingpipe provided with a cooling jacket in alinement with the nozzle andpartly embracingthe same so as to form. a metal-tight joint therewith,and means foriefiecting a relative reciprocating motion between themolding pipe and the receptacle. I 3. Apparatus for manufacturinglongitudinally extended, profiled articles di-" rectly from molten metalcomprising a. re, ceptacle for molten metal, a nozzle, a mold-- ing pipeprovided with a cooling jacket, re-' ciprocating means for saidpipe onsaid noz-- I zle and", meals! a lubricant on I to theoutsideof-thelatterwhereby it is introduced through-thezjoint. between the nozzleandmoldingpipeduringthe casting.

4; Apparatus for 3 mamifacturing longitudinally, extended, profiledarticles di- -rectlyffrom molten metal: comprising a receptacleiformolten metal, a nozzle, a mold- ,ing pipe-provided with a cooling jacketinalinem'entwith thenozzle and a ratchet device on's'ai'dpipe'acting tocarry forth the metal article fin arelative motion to said molding pipeaway from said receptacle but to release'it duringa motion in theopposite direction.

In testimony whereof I have signed my nameto this; specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

Witnesses: P BmoEn-NoRDFELDT, I H. TELANDER.

ADAM HELMER PE I-IRSON.

